Nonwoven fabric is a kind of nonwoven fabric, it is directly using polymer slices, short fibers or filaments to form the fibers into a web by airflow or machinery, then after hydroentanglement, needle punching, or hot rolling reinforcement, and finally after finishing to form a non-woven fabric. With soft, breathable and flat structure of new fiber products, the advantage is that it does not produce fiber chips, strong, durable, soft silk strands, and there is the feeling of cotton, and compared with cotton woven products, non-woven bags are easy to form, and the cost is cheap. In terms of environmental protection, the raw material of most of the non-woven fabrics currently in use is polypropylene, while the raw material of plastic bags is polyethylene, the two substances are similar in name, but in the chemical structure is very far apart. The chemical molecular structure of polyethylene has a fairly strong stability, extremely difficult to degrade, so plastic bags need 300 years to decompose; while the chemical structure of polypropylene is not strong, the molecular chain can easily break, so that it can be effectively degraded, and in a non-toxic form into the next step in the environmental cycle, a non-woven shopping bags in 90 days can be completely decomposed. A non-woven shopping bag can be reused more than 10 times, and the pollution of the environment after disposal is only 10% of that of plastic bags.
Non-woven fabric has no warp and weft threads, cutting and sewing are very convenient, while the eye is light and easy to shape, loved by craft enthusiasts. Because it is a kind of fabric formed without spinning and weaving, only the textile short fibers or filaments are oriented or randomly programmed to form a fiber network structure, and then reinforced by mechanical, thermal or chemical methods. Simply put: it is not interwoven and knitted together by a single yarn, but the fibers are directly bonded together by physical means, so when you get the sticky weigh in your clothes, you will find that it is impossible to draw a single thread. Nonwoven fabric breaks through the traditional weaving principle and has the characteristics of short process, fast production, high yield, low cost, wide application and many sources of raw materials.
Composition Structure
Nonwoven fabrics are made of chemical and plant fibers, etc., under the condition of water or air as suspension medium on wet or dry paper copying machines. Nonwoven fabric is a new generation of environmental protection materials, with the advantages of good strength, breathable and waterproof, environmental protection, flexibility, non-toxic and tasteless, and cheap. It is a new generation of environmentally friendly materials, with water repellent, breathable, flexible, non-combustible, non-toxic and non-irritating, colorful and other characteristics. If the material is placed outdoors by natural decomposition, its longest life is only 90 days, placed indoors in 8 years to decompose, burning non-toxic, tasteless, and no residual material, so as not to pollute the environment, so environmental protection from this. Non-woven products are colorful, bright, fashionable, environmentally friendly, versatile, beautiful, with a variety of patterns and styles, and light, environmentally friendly, recyclable, and internationally recognized as an environmentally friendly product to protect the earth’s ecology. It is suitable for agricultural film, shoes, leather, mattress, mother and child quilt, decoration, chemical, printing, automobile, building materials, furniture and other industries, and clothing interlining, medical health disposable surgical gown, mask, cap, bed sheet, hotel disposable tablecloth, beauty, sauna and even today’s fashionable gift bags, boutique bags, shopping bags, advertising bags and so on. Environmentally friendly products, widely used, economical.
Characteristic of Non Woven Fabric
Nonwovens have many advantages: 1) Ventilation 2) Filtration 3) Thermal insulation 4) Water absorption 5) Waterproof 6) Sex 7) No mess 8) Soft to the touch 10) Elastic and recoverable 11) No fabric directionality 12) High productivity and fast production compared to textile 13) Low price for mass production, etc. 14) Fixed size, not easily deformed
1. Light weight, the specific gravity of polypropylene is only 0.9, only three-fifths of cotton, thin and light, with excellent fluffiness, feel good.
2. Soft, composed of fine fibers (2-3D), formed by dotted hot melt bonding, the finished product is moderately soft and has a comfortable feeling.
3. Water repellent and breathable. Polypropylene slices do not absorb water, the water content is zero, the product has good water repellency, with 100% fiber composition, with porous, the product has good breathability, easy to keep the cloth surface dry.
4. Non-toxic and non-irritating. The products are produced with FDA food-grade raw materials, formed by hot bonding, and the products do not contain other chemical components with stable chemical properties, non-toxic, odorless, and do not stimulate human skin.
5. Chemical resistance. Polypropylene chemical clock material, chemical erosion strength is good, the product is not eroded and affect the strength.
6. antibacterial. Products with water, not toxic, and can be isolated from the existence of liquid bacteria and insects erosion, not toxic moth.
7. Good physical properties. The strength of the product is better than the general staple fiber products, the strength is not directional, the strength is similar in the longitudinal and transverse directions.
The disadvantages are: 1) less strength and durability compared to textile fabric 2) cannot be washed like other fabrics 3) fibers are arranged in a certain direction, so it is easy to split from a right angle, etc. Therefore, recent improvements in production methods are mainly focused on the improvement of preventing splitting.
Its main application can be roughly divided into：
(1) Medical and sanitary nonwoven fabrics: surgical gowns, protective clothing, disinfection wraps, masks, diapers, civil wipes, wiping cloths, wet face towels, magic towels, soft towel rolls, beauty products, sanitary napkins, sanitary pads, and disposable sanitary cloths, etc.
(2) Nonwoven for court decoration: wall cloth, tablecloth, bed sheet, bed set, etc.
(3)Garment nonwoven fabrics: lining, bonding lining, flocking, shaping cotton, various synthetic leather base cloth, etc.
(4)Nonwoven fabrics for industrial use; substrates for roofing waterproofing rolls and asphalt shingles, reinforcing materials, polishing materials, filtering materials, insulation materials, cement packaging bags, ten work cloths, wrapping summer cloth, etc.
(5) Agricultural nonwoven fabrics: crop protection cloth, rice planting cloth, irrigation cloth, insulation Mo curtain, etc.
(6) Other nonwoven fabrics: space cotton, heat insulation material, oil-absorbing felt, cigarette filter, bag tea bag, shoe material, etc.
Nonwoven Fabrics Preservation Conditions
1. Foils should be stored in a well-ventilated, cool and dry warehouse (indoor temperature below 30 degrees centigrade, relative humidity below 80 degrees centigrade is appropriate) on a shelf 200mm above the ground.
2. Do not come into direct contact with strong acids, strong alkalis and other chemicals.
3. Do not approach the source of fire, contact with high temperature.
Types of Nonwoven Fabrics
The main fibers used in the production of nonwoven fabrics are polypropylene (PP) and polyester (PET). In addition, there are nylon (PA), viscose fiber, elastane, ethylene spandex (HDPE), chlorine spandex (PVC). According to the application of alcohol, nonwoven fabrics are divided into two categories: disposable application type and durable type.
Non-woven production method classification:
1.Spunlace Nonwoven
Spunlace is a process in which a high-pressure micro-fine water jet is applied to one or more layers of fiber webs to entangle the fibers together, thus reinforcing the web with a certain strength.
2.Thermally bonded nonwoven
Thermally bonded nonwoven fabric is a fibrous or powdered hot melt bonding reinforcement material added to the fiber web, which is then heated and melted and cooled to form cloth.
3.Air-flow nonwoven fabric
Air flow nonwoven can also be called dust-free paper and dry paper nonwoven. It is the use of air flow into the network technology to open the wood pulp fiber board into a single fiber-like and then use the air flow method to make fiber agglomeration in the formation of network curtain, fiber network and then reinforced into cloth
4. Wet nonwoven fabric
Wet nonwoven fabric is placed in the aqueous medium to open the fiber materials into single fiber, while making different fiber materials mixed, made of fiber suspension pulp, suspension pulp transported to the web-forming mechanism, fiber in the wet state into the web and then reinforced into cloth.
5. Spunbond Nonwoven Fabric
Spunbond nonwoven fabric is formed after the polymer has been extruded and stretched to form a continuous filament, the filament is laid into a network, and the fiber network is then bonded by itself, hot bonding chemical bonding or mechanical reinforcement methods to make the fiber network into a nonwoven fabric.
6. Meltblown nonwoven
Process of meltblown nonwoven fabric: polymer feeding — melt extrusion — fiber formation — fiber cooling — web formation — reinforcement into cloth
7. Needled nonwoven fabric
Needle punching nonwoven is a kind of dry nonwoven fabric. Needle punching nonwoven fabric uses the piercing effect of needles to reinforce the fluffy fiber network into cloth.
8. Sewn nonwoven fabric
Sewn nonwoven fabric is a kind of dry nonwoven fabric, sewn method is the use of warp knitting coil structure of the fiber network, yarn layer, non-textile materials (such as plastic thin plastic thin metal foil, etc.) or their combination of reinforcement to make nonwoven fabric.
Conclusion
Non-woven fabric is a unique and versatile material that has found numerous applications in many industries. Its properties, coupled with its ability to be engineered to fit specific needs, make it a preferred choice for many applications. The manufacturing process of non-woven fabric is relatively simple and can be done using different methods depending on the desired properties of the fabric. Its wide range of applications, coupled with its affordability, makes non-woven fabric an excellent choice for many industries.
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